Greek Root Words
? Target Vocabulary (Từ vựng mục tiêu)
| Word & POS | Definition & Translation | Context Sentence Example |
|---|---|---|
| biology (noun) |
the study of living things môn sinh học |
I enjoy biology because I like learning about animals. thích học về động vật |
| telescope (noun) |
an instrument used to see things far away kính thiên văn |
The scientist used a telescope to see the distant planets. nhìn các hành tinh xa xôi |
| chronology (noun) |
the arrangement of events in order of time thứ tự thời gian |
We studied the chronology of the American Revolution in history class. thứ tự thời gian của cuộc Cách mạng |
| podiatrist (noun) |
a doctor who treats foot problems bác sĩ chuyên khoa chân |
The podiatrist checked my foot after I hurt it during the race. kiểm tra chân sau khi bị chấn thương |
| hydrate (verb) |
to supply water to something, like the body cấp nước |
You should drink plenty of water to hydrate your body on a hot day. uống nước để cấp nước cho cơ thể |
| epidermis (noun) |
the outer layer of the skin lớp biểu bì |
Sunscreen helps protect your epidermis from the sun’s rays. bảo vệ lớp biểu bì khỏi tia nắng |
| bibliography (noun) |
a list of books or sources used in a report danh mục tài liệu tham khảo |
Remember to include a bibliography at the end of your research paper. đính kèm danh mục tài liệu ở cuối bài |
| diameter (noun) |
the distance across the center of a circle đường kính |
The diameter of the pizza was twelve inches. đường kính của chiếc bánh pizza |
| diagonal (adjective) |
a slanted line connecting two opposite corners đường chéo |
Draw a diagonal line across the square to make two triangles. vẽ một đường chéo cắt qua hình vuông |
| generation (noun) |
all the people born and living at about the same time thế hệ |
My grandfather’s generation did not have the internet when they were young. thế hệ của ông tôi chưa có internet |
? Grammar Focus (Trọng tâm Ngữ pháp)
1. Word Analysis with Greek Roots (Phân tích Từ vựng với Gốc từ Hy Lạp)
Many English words are built using Greek roots as a base. Identifying these roots helps you understand the core meaning of a word.
- The root ‘bio’ means life: so biology is the study of living things.
- The root ‘tele’ means far away: so a telescope helps you see far.
- The root ‘chrono’ means time: so chronology is the study of time order.
2. Identifying Root Meaning in Context (Nhận diện Ý nghĩa Gốc từ trong Ngữ cảnh)
You can determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word by looking for a Greek root within the word and checking the sentence context.
- If the doctor is a podiatrist, the root ‘pod’ tells us he works on feet.
- When measuring a circle, the root ‘meter’ in diameter tells us it is a measurement.
- Because ‘hydro’ means water, the word hydrate must involve drinking liquids.
✍️ Practice Exercises (Bài tập Thực hành)
Match the target vocabulary word on the left with its correct definition/translation letter on the right.
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the vocabulary table: diagonal, bibliography, diameter, hydrate, epidermis, podiatrist.
- 1. Please check the at the end of the book to find the original research sources.
- 2. To measure the size of the circle, we need to find its exact .
- 3. The cold winter wind made my skin very dry, damaging the outer .
- 4. After running the marathon, athletes must drink electrolytes to quickly.
- 5. I drew a line from the top left corner to the bottom right corner.
- 6. My grandmother went to see a because she had severe pain in her toes.
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Choose the best option (A, B, C, or D) to complete each sentence based on Greek roots.
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1. The root ‘tele-‘ in the word telescope means:
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2. Which word belongs to a different generation? My grandfather belongs to an older _______.
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3. If ‘logy’ means the study of, then chronology must mean the study of _______.
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4. Sunscreen protects the _______ from dangerous ultraviolet rays.
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5. To prevent dehydration, you must _______ yourself during high-intensity sports.
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6. A line that is neither horizontal nor vertical, but slanted across corners is:
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Read the statements and decide if they are True (T) or False (F) based on the root meanings.
- 1. A podiatrist is a specialist who treats heart problems. (____)
- 2. Biology includes the study of plants, insects, and human bodies because they are alive. (____)
- 3. A bibliography is usually found at the very beginning of a research presentation. (____)
- 4. The diameter of a shape tells you the total perimeter around the outer border. (____)
- 5. To hydrate means to clear out water entirely from a compound. (____)
- 6. Your epidermis is the internal organ hidden inside your chest cavity. (____)
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Rearrange the words to make grammatically correct sentences containing target root words.
- 1. [ enjoy ] [ biology ] [ I ] [ learning ] [ animals ] [ because ] [ like ] [ about ] [ . ]
➔ - 2. [ telescope ] [ planets ] [ distant ] [ used ] [ the ] [ to ] [ see ] [ . ]
➔ - 3. [ hot ] [ hydrate ] [ a ] [ body ] [ water ] [ drink ] [ on ] [ day ] [ . ]
➔ - 4. [ diameter ] [ twelve ] [ pizza ] [ was ] [ the ] [ inches ] [ of ] [ . ]
➔ - 5. [ skin ] [ protect ] [ sunscreen ] [ epidermis ] [ your ] [ helps ] [ . ]
➔ - 6. [ chronology ] [ historical ] [ we ] [ events ] [ checked ] [ the ] [ of ] [ . ]
➔
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
(Tôi thích môn sinh học vì tôi thích tìm hiểu về động vật.)
(Nhà khoa học đã sử dụng kính thiên văn để nhìn các hành tinh xa xôi.)
(Hãy uống nước để cấp nước cho cơ thể vào ngày nắng nóng.)
(Đường kính của chiếc bánh pizza là 12 inch.)
(Kem chống nắng giúp bảo vệ lớp biểu bì da của bạn.)
(Chúng tôi đã kiểm tra thứ tự thời gian của các sự kiện lịch sử.)
Circle or select the correct base root component or morphological structure required to fit the linguistic rule context.
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1. Based on the structural formulation [Root + Suffix], the suffix ‘-logy’ directly specifies that the word functions grammatically as a/an:
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2. Complete the structural analysis formula: ‘chrono’ (Time) + ‘logy’ (Study of) = _______.
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3. Which structural combination yields a word classified as an adjective?
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4. In the contextual analysis statement: “The doctor examined my sprained ankle”, which structural root matches the context?
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5. When adding the suffix ‘-ate’ to the root ‘hydr-‘, the word changes into an action component (category). Therefore, hydrate is a/an:
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6. Identifying Greek roots in an unfamiliar context allows language learners to systematically deduce the _______ meaning of complex vocabulary words.