Unit 55
Conjunctions Review
1. Target Vocabulary
| Word / POS | Definition & Translation | Contextual Example |
|---|---|---|
| connect (verb) |
to join two or more things together kết nối |
They connect the computers to the internet. |
| choice (noun) |
the act of picking between two or more things sự lựa chọn |
You have a choice between coffee and tea. |
| reason (noun) |
a cause or explanation for an action lý do |
The reason she was late was the heavy traffic. |
| contrast (noun) |
an obvious difference between two things sự tương phản |
There is a big contrast between the city and the country. |
| result (noun) |
something that happens because of an action kết quả |
The result of the football game was a draw. |
| addition (noun) |
the act of adding something to something else sự thêm vào |
In addition to the cake, we bought some fresh fruit. |
| opinion (noun) |
a thought or belief about something ý kiến |
What is your opinion about the new school building? |
| situation (noun) |
a set of things that are happening at a specific time tình huống |
We need to find a way to improve this difficult situation. |
| sequence (noun) |
a series of events in a specific order trình tự |
The sequence of events in the story was very clear. |
| purpose (noun) |
the reason for which something is done mục đích |
The purpose of this trip is to learn about local history. |
2. Grammar Review
A. Coordinating Conjunctions
Explanation: Words used to connect words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal grammatical importance. We use them to establish addition, contrast, choices, or results.
Key Rules: Always place a comma before the coordinating conjunction when linking two complete independent sentences.
- I want to go to the park, but it is raining outside. (Contrast)
- She likes apples and oranges for her breakfast. (Addition – no comma needed for items)
- You can study now, or you can study after dinner. (Choice)
B. Subordinating Conjunctions
Explanation: Words that connect a dependent clause (subordinating clause) to an independent clause to establish transitions of cause, time, purpose, or condition.
Alternative Structure: Independent Clause + [Subordinating Conjunction] + Dependent Clause
Key Rules: If the subordinating conjunction starts the sentence, a comma is required at the end of the dependent clause. No comma is needed if it’s placed in the middle.
- Because I was tired, I went to bed earlier than usual. (Reason / Cause)
- We will go for a walk if the weather is nice tomorrow. (Condition – no comma)
- Although he was very busy, he helped his sister with her homework. (Contrast / Concession)
3. Practice Exercises
Match the target vocabulary words (1-7) with their corresponding English definitions (A-G).
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Fill in each blank with a suitable conjunction from the box. Each word is used once: and, but, or, so, because, although, if.
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1. I want to buy a new smartphone, I don’t have enough money right now.
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2. We decided to stay inside the weather situation turned into a heavy rainstorm.
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3. You can choose to have a clear sequence of training, you can study alone.
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4. it was freezing cold outside, she went out without a warm jacket.
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5. He finished all his school tasks early, the natural result was that he got a reward.
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6. They love to connect online play video games together every Saturday night.
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7. We will lose this important business contract we do not improve our communication.
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Select the single best option to logically complete each sentence context.
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1. The principal explained the _______ of the new regulations, so everyone understood them.
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2. She didn’t state any clear _______ for her sudden opinion change, yet we trusted her.
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3. _______ you start working harder immediately, you will fail the final exam.
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4. He wanted to express his _______, but he thought it might make the situation worse.
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5. The recipe consists of a strict _______ of actions, and you must not mix them up.
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6. There is a stark _______ between his words and his actions, which confuses us.
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Determine whether the structural grammar usage or punctuation in each statement is True (T) or False (F).
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1. “Although it was raining hard, but they still went to the soccer match.” ______
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2. “I like coffee, and my sister likes juice.” (Proper punctuation for two independent clauses) ______
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3. “Because he arrived late to the airport he missed his flight completely.” ______
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4. “You can choose the black dress, or you can pick the blue shirt instead.” ______
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5. “We will cancel the picnic, if it snows heavily tomorrow morning.” ______
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6. “Since she has no choice left, she must accept this terrible situation.” ______
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
Rearrange the words to build grammatically correct sentences with correct punctuation.
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1. bad / we / the / stay / situation / because / home / at / is / .Answer: __________________________________________________________________
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2. the / failed / result / he / he / as / test / a / didn’t / study / , / .Answer: __________________________________________________________________
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3. internet / can / to / you / standard / the / cables / connect / these / with / .Answer: __________________________________________________________________
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4. is / tea / your / or / choice / coffee / preferred / ?Answer: __________________________________________________________________
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5. clear / the / story / although / was / sequence / long / , / the / was / .Answer: __________________________________________________________________
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6. new / addition / books / notebooks / we / in / to / bought / some / .Answer: __________________________________________________________________
? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)
(Chúng tôi ở nhà bởi vì tình huống tồi tệ.)
(Anh ấy không học bài, kết quả là anh ấy thi trượt.)
(Bạn có thể kết nối Internet bằng các dây cáp tiêu chuẩn này.)
(Lựa chọn yêu thích của bạn là cà phê hay trà?)
(Mặc dù câu chuyện dài nhưng trình tự rất rõ ràng.)
(Ngoài sách mới ra, chúng tôi đã mua thêm một số vở viết.)
Choose the correct bold term to create a unified logical relationship inside the sentence.
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1. The system went down (so / because) an unexpected internet network connection error occurred.
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2. (If / Although) we don’t fix this situation immediately, the result will be disastrous.
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3. She enjoys giving her personal opinion, (yet / or) she dislikes listening to others.
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4. The main purpose of the project is brilliant, (and / but) it requires too much cash.
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5. We can establish the meeting order now, (or / so) we can do it later next week.
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6. (While / So) I completely agree with your general concept, I must modify the timeline.