Luyện tập: Contractions and Abbreviations Review

Lesson List Từ điển

Unit 1: Complete and Incomplete Sentences

Unit 2: Types of Sentences

Unit 3: Simple and Complete Subjects and Predicates

Unit 4: Common Nouns

Unit 5: Common and Proper Nouns

Unit 6: Plural Nouns

Unit 7: More Plural Nouns

Unit 8: Singular Possessive Nouns

Unit 9: Plural Possessive Nouns

Unit 10: Subject and Object Pronouns

Unit 11: Complete Sentences and End Punctuation Review

Unit 12: Common and Proper Nouns Review

Unit 13: Singular and Plural Nouns Review

Unit 14: Possessive Nouns Review

Unit 15: Subject and Object Pronouns Review

Unit 16: Action Verbs

Unit 17: Linking Verbs

Unit 18: Helping Verbs

Unit 19: Past, Present, and Future Tense Verbs

Unit 20: Perfect Tense Verbs

Unit 21: Irregular Verbs

Unit 22: Progressive Verbs

Unit 23: Transitive Verbs

Unit 24: Intransitive Verbs

Unit 25: Subject and Verb Agreement

Unit 26: Action Verbs Review

Unit 27: Linking and Helping Verbs Review

Unit 28: Verb Tenses Review

Unit 29: Verb Forms Review

Unit 30: Subject and Verb Agreement Review

Unit 31: Adjectives

Unit 32: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Unit 33: Irregular Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Unit 34: Adverbs

Unit 35: More Adverbs

Unit 36: Adverbs without -ly

Unit 37: Synonyms

Unit 38: Antonyms

Unit 39: Homophones

Unit 40: Adjectives Review

Unit 41: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Review

Unit 42: Adverbs Review

Unit 43: Synonyms and Antonyms Review

Unit 44: Homophones Review

Unit 45: Conjunctions

Unit 46: Compound Subjects

Unit 47: Compound Predicates

Unit 48: Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases

Unit 49: Dependent Clauses

Unit 50: Independent Clauses

Unit 51: Commas

Unit 52: Compound Sentences

Unit 53: Complex Sentences

Unit 54: Compound-Complex Sentences

Unit 55: Conjunctions Review

Unit 56: Compound Subjects and Compound Predicates Review

Unit 57: Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Review

Unit 58: Dependent and Independent Clauses Review

Unit 59: Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences Review

Unit 60: Appositives

Unit 61: More Uses for Commas

Unit 62: Quotation Marks

Unit 63: Contractions

Unit 64: Abbreviations

Unit 65: Semicolons

Unit 66: Colons

Unit 67: Word Usage: Sit or Set

Unit 68: Word Usage: Lie or Lay

Unit 69: Word Usage: Your or You’re

Unit 70: Appositives Review

Unit 71: Commas and Quotations Review

Unit 72: Contractions and Abbreviations Review

Bài học: Contractions and Abbreviations Review

Luyện tập: Contractions and Abbreviations Review

Unit 73: Colons and Semicolons Review

Unit 74: Word Usage Review

Unit 75: Interjections

Unit 76: Articles

Unit 77: Prefixes

Unit 78: Suffixes

Unit 79: More Prefixes

Unit 80: More Suffixes

Unit 81: Greek Root Words

Unit 82: Latin Root Words

Unit 83: Spelling Patterns and Exceptions

Unit 84: More Spelling Patterns and Exceptions

Unit 85: Negatives

Unit 86: Interjections and Articles Review

Unit 88: Suffixes Review

Unit 89: Greek and Latin Root Words Review

Unit 91: Negatives Review

Unit 92: Review of the Eight Parts of Speech

Unit 93: Applying Punctuation Knowledge

Unit 94: Applying Punctuation and Word Usage Knowledge

Unit 96: Adjectives, Adverbs, and Verb Tenses Review

Unit 97: Sentence Structure Review: Simple and Compound Sentences

Unit 98: Dependent Clauses and Sentence Structure

Luyện tập: Contractions and Abbreviations Review

? Can-Do Objective: I can correctly identify, form, and use contractions and abbreviations in my writing.

1. Core Vocabulary

Review the primary contractions and abbreviations for this unit. Pay close attention to spelling, punctuation, and contextual usage.

Word / Term	Type	Definition / Core Meaning	Translation	Contextual Example
we’re	contraction	short form of ‘we are’	chúng tôi là	We’re ready to leave school now.
you’re	contraction	short form of ‘you are’	bạn là	Raise your hand if you’re going on the bus today.
it’s	contraction	short form of ‘it is’	nó thì	Although it was cold earlier, it’s sunny and warm now.
could’ve	contraction	short form of ‘could have’	có thể đã	She could’ve had two cookies, but she only took one.
we’d	contraction	short form of ‘we would’ (or ‘we had’)	chúng tôi sẽ	Laura and I said that we’d go to the store.
Capt.	noun	short for ‘Captain’, a title for a leader	thuyền trưởng/đại úy	Capt. Miller led the team during the mission.
Sen.	noun	short for ‘Senator’, a title for a government member	thượng nghị sĩ	We asked Sen. Miller to give us some advice.
Blvd.	noun	short for ‘Boulevard’, a type of wide street	đại lộ	The new library is located on Linden Blvd.
Mr.	noun	short for ‘Mister’, a title for a man	ông	Mr. Wall has an appointment with the doctor today.
Hwy.	noun	short for ‘Highway’, a main road for travel	đường cao tốc	Hwy 57 has an on-ramp on the right side of the street.

2. Grammar Focus

Grammar Point 1: Contractions

Contractions are shortened forms of two words, such as a pronoun and a verb or a verb and ‘not’, where an apostrophe replaces the missing letters.

Structure: Word 1 + Word 2 (with letters replaced by ‘) = Contraction

Examples:

We’re going to the park this afternoon.
It’s a very beautiful day to go outside.
They’re not at home right now.

Grammar Point 2: Abbreviations

Abbreviations are shortened versions of words or phrases, commonly used for titles of people, types of streets, or addresses, and usually end with a period.

Structure: Shortened form of word + . (period)

Examples:

Mr. Gregorino opened his store in 1924.
Take a left turn onto Sixth Ave.
Dr. Sykes is a very famous dermatologist.

3. Practice Exercises

Exercise 1 Vocabulary Matching (Nối từ vựng)

Match the word or abbreviation on the left (1-6) with its corresponding meaning or definition on the right (A-F).

1. could’ve

2. Blvd.

3. we’re

4. Sen.

5. it’s

6. Hwy.

A. Short form of ‘it is’

B. Short for ‘Highway’, a main road for travel

C. Short form of ‘could have’

D. Short form of ‘we are’

E. Short for ‘Boulevard’, a wide street

F. Short for ‘Senator’, a government title

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1 – C: ‘could’ve’ is the contracted form of ‘could have’. (dạng viết tắt của ‘could have’)

2 – E: ‘Blvd.’ stands for Boulevard, a wide avenue. (viết tắt của đại lộ)

3 – D: ‘we’re’ is the contracted form of ‘we are’. (dạng viết tắt của ‘we are’)

4 – F: ‘Sen.’ stands for Senator, a political title. (viết tắt của thượng nghị sĩ)

5 – A: ‘it’s’ is the contracted form of ‘it is’. (dạng viết tắt của ‘it is’)

6 – B: ‘Hwy.’ stands for Highway. (viết tắt của đường cao tốc)

Exercise 2 Gap Fill (Điền vào chỗ trống)

Complete each sentence using one of the contractions or abbreviations from the box: we’re, you’re, it’s, we’d, Capt., Mr.

Please tell me when ready to present your project.
Our classroom is managed by Davis, who teaches history.
They told us that receive our exam scores on Friday.
raining outside, so do not forget your umbrella.
moving to our new house tomorrow morning.
The ship’s commander, Smith, gave clear orders to the crew.

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1. you’re: Needs a pronoun + verb contraction matching ‘ready’. (“khi bạn đã sẵn sàng”)

2. Mr.: Used as a respectful title before a man’s last name (Davis). (“Thầy Davis”)

3. we’d: ‘we’d receive’ means ‘we would receive’ in reported speech. (“chúng tôi sẽ nhận được”)

4. It’s: Fits as the subject and verb referring to weather condition. (“Trời đang mưa”)

5. We’re: Capitalized at the start of the sentence, meaning ‘we are’. (“Chúng tôi sẽ chuyển nhà”)

6. Capt.: Title for a ship’s commander (Captain). (“Thuyền trưởng Smith”)

Exercise 3 Multiple Choice (Trắc nghiệm)

Choose the correct formal abbreviation or contraction to complete the sentences.

Our new shop is located right on Sunset _______.

A. we’re

B. Blvd.

C. could’ve

D. Sen.
If you had asked earlier, I _______ helped you finish the task.

A. could’ve

B. Hwy.

C. you’re

D. Mr.
_______ Jones is going to host the annual charity event.

A. It’s

B. we’d

C. Mr.

D. you’re
Traffic is moving very slowly on _______ 101 this evening.

A. Blvd.

B. Hwy.

C. Capt.

D. we’re
We believe _______ going to have a very successful school year.

A. we’re

B. could’ve

C. Sen.

D. Hwy.
The local community voted to support _______ Jackson’s new education bill.

A. it’s

B. you’re

C. Sen.

D. we’d

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1. B (Blvd.): ‘Sunset Blvd.’ is a proper name for a broad avenue. (“Đại lộ Sunset”)

2. A (could’ve): Follows the third conditional pattern ‘would/could have + V3’. (“tớ đã có thể giúp”)

3. C (Mr.): ‘Mr.’ is the appropriate masculine title before a surname. (“Ông Jones”)

4. B (Hwy.): Followed by a road number, indicating a main highway route. (“Đường cao tốc 101”)

5. A (we’re): Short form of ‘we are’ which functions as the subject and verb. (“chúng ta sẽ có”)

6. C (Sen.): Senator (Sen.) refers to a member of government creating a bill. (“Thượng nghị sĩ Jackson”)

Exercise 4 True or False (Đúng hay Sai)

Determine whether the abbreviations and contractions in the sentences below are used CORRECTLY (T) or INCORRECTLY (F).

The sentence “I love my city because you’re always full of bright lights.” is grammatically correct. ( T / F )
The title “Capt.” should always end with a period when abbreviated in a sentence. ( T / F )
In the sentence “We thought we’d lost our keys,” we’d stands for “we had”. ( T / F )
It is correct to write “He lives at 456 Oak blvd without any capital letters or a full stop.” ( T / F )
The word “it’s” in “The puppy chased it’s tail” is used correctly. ( T / F )
“Sen.” is a shortened form for the military title General. ( T / F )

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1. F: It should use ‘it’s’ instead of ‘you’re’ because a city is an inanimate object. (“nó luôn tràn ngập ánh sáng”)

2. T: In American English, abbreviations for titles like ‘Capt.’ must end with a period. (Phải có dấu chấm)

3. T: Before a past participle (‘lost’), ‘we’d’ acts as the past perfect auxiliary ‘we had’. (viết tắt của ‘we had’)

4. F: ‘Blvd.’ must be capitalized and require a period at the end because it is a formal abbreviation. (Phải viết hoa và có dấu chấm)

5. F: It should be the possessive adjective ‘its’ without an apostrophe. ‘It’s’ means ‘it is’. (Cần tính từ sở hữu ‘its’)

6. F: ‘Sen.’ stands for Senator, not General. (Sen. là viết tắt của Thượng nghị sĩ)

Exercise 5 Sentence Reordering (Sắp xếp câu)

Rearrange the words to form grammatically correct sentences containing contractions or abbreviations.

now / ready / school / leave / to / we’re / .
Miller / mission / led / team / Capt. / the / .
warm / sunny / now / it’s / and / outside / .
to / store / we’d / go / the / said / we / .
advice / Sen. / gave / useful / us / Miller / .
if / bus / you’re / taking / raise / hand / your / .

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1. We’re ready to leave school now. (Chúng tôi đã sẵn sàng rời trường bây giờ.)

2. Capt. Miller led the team during the mission. (Đại úy Miller đã dẫn dắt toàn đội trong nhiệm vụ.)

3. It’s sunny and warm outside now. (Bây giờ trời nắng và ấm áp ở bên ngoài.)

4. We said we’d go to the store. (Chúng tôi nói chúng tôi sẽ đến cửa hàng.)

5. Sen. Miller gave us useful advice. (Thượng nghị sĩ Miller đã cho chúng tôi lời khuyên hữu ích.)

6. Raise your hand if you’re taking the bus. (Hãy giơ tay nếu bạn đang đi xe buýt.)

Exercise 6 Grammar Selection (Chọn từ đúng cấu trúc)

Circle or choose the option that uses correct punctuation and contraction spelling rules.

They told the teacher that ( were / we’re ) finishing our group report.
The address printed on the package is 742 Evergreen ( Blvd / Blvd. ).
If you hurry, ( you’re / your ) going to catch the early train.
She ( could’ve / couldve ) bought the book, but she decided to borrow it.
The highway sign shows an exit for ( hwy. / Hwy. ) 95 north.
( Its / It’s ) an absolute pleasure to meet you this morning.

? Click to see Answer Key & Explanation (Đáp án & Giải thích)

1. we’re: Short for ‘we are’. ‘were’ is the past tense verb, which changes the target meaning. (“chúng tôi đang hoàn thành”)

2. Blvd.: Standard abbreviations for streets require a period at the end in formal writing. (Cần dấu chấm cuối từ viết tắt)

3. you’re: Requires ‘you are’ to form the future continuous ‘you are going to’. ‘your’ is possessive. (“bạn sẽ kịp tàu”)

4. could’ve: An apostrophe is mandatory to show where the letters ‘ha’ were dropped. (Cần dấu nháy đơn thay cho chữ bị bỏ trống)

5. Hwy.: Proper street titles and high road names must be capitalized. (Phải viết hoa chữ cái đầu)

6. It’s: Means ‘It is a pleasure’. ‘Its’ without an apostrophe indicates possession. (“Thật là một niềm vinh hạnh”)