Unit 1: Complete and Incomplete Sentences
Unit 2: Types of Sentences
Unit 3: Simple and Complete Subjects and Predicates
Unit 4: Common Nouns
Unit 5: Common and Proper Nouns
Unit 6: Plural Nouns
Unit 7: More Plural Nouns
Unit 8: Singular Possessive Nouns
Unit 9: Plural Possessive Nouns
Unit 10: Subject and Object Pronouns
Unit 11: Complete Sentences and End Punctuation Review
Unit 12: Common and Proper Nouns Review
Unit 13: Singular and Plural Nouns Review
Unit 14: Possessive Nouns Review
Unit 15: Subject and Object Pronouns Review
Unit 16: Action Verbs
Unit 17: Linking Verbs
Unit 18: Helping Verbs
Unit 19: Past, Present, and Future Tense Verbs
Unit 20: Perfect Tense Verbs
Unit 21: Irregular Verbs
Unit 22: Progressive Verbs
Unit 23: Transitive Verbs
Unit 24: Intransitive Verbs
Unit 25: Subject and Verb Agreement
Unit 26: Action Verbs Review
Unit 27: Linking and Helping Verbs Review
Unit 28: Verb Tenses Review
Unit 29: Verb Forms Review
Unit 30: Subject and Verb Agreement Review
Unit 31: Adjectives
Unit 32: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
Unit 33: Irregular Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
Unit 34: Adverbs
Unit 35: More Adverbs
Unit 36: Adverbs without -ly
Unit 37: Synonyms
Unit 38: Antonyms
Unit 39: Homophones
Unit 40: Adjectives Review
Unit 41: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Review
Unit 42: Adverbs Review
Unit 43: Synonyms and Antonyms Review
Unit 44: Homophones Review
Unit 45: Conjunctions
Unit 46: Compound Subjects
Unit 47: Compound Predicates
Unit 48: Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases
Unit 49: Dependent Clauses
Unit 50: Independent Clauses
Unit 51: Commas
Unit 52: Compound Sentences
Unit 53: Complex Sentences
Unit 54: Compound-Complex Sentences
Unit 55: Conjunctions Review
Unit 56: Compound Subjects and Compound Predicates Review
Unit 57: Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Review
Unit 58: Dependent and Independent Clauses Review
Unit 59: Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences Review
Unit 60: Appositives
Unit 61: More Uses for Commas
Unit 62: Quotation Marks
Unit 63: Contractions
Unit 64: Abbreviations
Unit 65: Semicolons
Unit 66: Colons
Unit 67: Word Usage: Sit or Set
Unit 68: Word Usage: Lie or Lay
Unit 69: Word Usage: Your or You’re
Unit 70: Appositives Review
Unit 71: Commas and Quotations Review
Unit 72: Contractions and Abbreviations Review
Unit 73: Colons and Semicolons Review
Unit 74: Word Usage Review
Unit 75: Interjections
Unit 76: Articles
Unit 77: Prefixes
Unit 78: Suffixes
Unit 79: More Prefixes
Unit 80: More Suffixes
Unit 81: Greek Root Words
Unit 82: Latin Root Words
Unit 83: Spelling Patterns and Exceptions
Unit 84: More Spelling Patterns and Exceptions
Unit 85: Negatives
Unit 86: Interjections and Articles Review
Unit 88: Suffixes Review
Unit 89: Greek and Latin Root Words Review
Unit 91: Negatives Review
Unit 92: Review of the Eight Parts of Speech
Unit 93: Applying Punctuation Knowledge
Unit 94: Applying Punctuation and Word Usage Knowledge
Unit 96: Adjectives, Adverbs, and Verb Tenses Review
Unit 97: Sentence Structure Review: Simple and Compound Sentences
Unit 98: Dependent Clauses and Sentence Structure
Unit 7: More Plural Nouns
Understanding Plural Nouns
A noun is a word that names a person, place, or thing. A singular noun names one item, while a plural noun names more than one. Most nouns become plural simply by adding -s (e.g., tree becomes trees). However, many nouns follow special spelling rules or change completely.
RegularSpelling Rules
- Add -es: For nouns ending in ch, sh, s, x, or z.
Example:church → churches; bus → buses. - Consonant + y: Change the y to i and add-es.
Example: country → countries; baby → babies. - -f or -fe endings: Often change f to v and add -es.
Example: shelf → shelves. Exception: belief → beliefs.
Irregular and Unchanging Plurals
Some nouns do not follow the standard rules. These are called irregular plurals. You must memorize how their spelling changes. For example, the vowel sounds often shift.
- goose → geese (vowel change)
- child → children (adds -ren)
- foot → feet (vowel change)
Other nouns stay exactly the same in both singular and plural forms. Contextclues, such as the verb or number words, tell you if they are plural.
- deer → deer (not deers!)
- sheep → sheep
Advanced Topic: Foreign and Compound Plurals
Some words borrowed from other languages keep their original plural forms. For instance, words ending in -us often change to -i (cactus → cacti), and words ending in -on often change to -a (phenomenon → phenomena). Also, for compound nouns, pluralize the most important word (mother-in-law → mothers-in-law).
Exercise 1: Sort the Nouns
Identify which rule applies to each singular noun. Write the word in the correct column: Add -s, Add -es, Change y to i, or Irregular/Change f.
Exercise 2: Choose the Correct Plural
Circle the correct plural spelling for the target vocabulary words.
- The forest was full of (deers / deer / deeres).
- The choir sang in three different (churchs / churches / churchies).
- The toddler played with twoother (babys / babis / babies).
- We need to buy tickets for the (busses / buses / busies).
- The farmer keeps many (gooses / geeses / geese).
- She holds strong (beliefs / believes / beliefes).
- Put the books back on the (shelfs / shelves / shelvs).
- How many (countries / countrys / countreys) have youvisited?
Exercise 3: Make it Plural
Convert the singular noun in parentheses into its plural form to complete the sentence.
- The park has many large oak ________ (tree).
- All the ________ (child) sat in a circle.
- We traveled to three different ________ (country) last summer.
- The carpenter installed new ________ (shelf) in the kitchen.
- Look at those ________ (goose) flying south!
- Many people have different religious ________ (belief).
- The yellow school________ (bus) were lined up outside.
- We saw a herd of ________ (deer) near the road.
Exercise 4: Spelling Check
Decide if the plural spelling in bold is Correct (True) or Incorrect (False).
- The shelves are dusty. (T / F)
- I saw three deers in the yard. (T / F)
- The babies are crying. (T / F)
- There are many churchs in this town. (T /F)
- The leafs fell off the tree. (T / F)
- He has strong beliefs. (T / F)
- The children are playing tag. (T / F)
- The buses are late today. (T / F)
Exercise 5: Match Singular to Plural
Draw a line or match the letter of the singular noun to its correct plural form.
Exercise 6: Find the Nouns
Underline the plural nouns in each sentence. Some sentences may have more than one.
- The children played under the tall trees.
- Shelves lined the walls of the old library.
- Buses carry many people to their jobs in the city.
- The geese waddled across the grass.
- Families travel to different countries for vacation.
- Their beliefs are very important to them.
- We saw five deer standing perfectly still.
- The babies slept soundly in their cribs.
