Unit 2: Making a Difference
Vocabulary: People and Environments
In this unit, we explore words related to history, fairness, and nature. Understanding these terms helps us talk about how we can make a difference in the world.
- Ancestors: People from whom one is descended, such as grandparents and great-grandparents.
- Segregation: The practice of separating one racial group from another.
- Injustice: Unfairness or an unjust act.
- Descendants: Children, grandchildren, and future generations of a person or group.
- Sanctuary: A place wherewild animals or people can live safely.
- Fragile: Easily broken or damaged.
- Habitat: The natural environment where a plant or animal lives.
- Threatened: Feeling at risk or indanger of being harmed.
Grammar Focus: Prefixes and Suffixes
Prefixes are added to the beginning of a base word to change its meaning.
- un-, non-, dis-: These often mean”not” or “the opposite of” (e.g., unfair, nonsense, dislike).
- mis-: Means “badly” or “incorrectly” (e.g., misbehave).
Suffixes are added to the end of a word to change its part of speech or meaning.
- -ful: Means “full of” (e.g., hopeful).
- -less: Means “without” (e.g., hopeless).
- -ness: Indicates a state of being (e.g., darkness).
- -ly: Often turns an adjective into an adverb, meaning “in a certain way” (e.g., nicely).
Exercise 1: Vocabulary Matching
Matchthe word from the list to its correct definition.
List: injustice, numerous, ancestors, segregation, unfair, avoided, sanctuary, fragile
- The practice of separating people based on race: ______________
- People in your family who lived long ago: ______________
- Not fair; unjust: ______________
- Kept away from something: ______________
- An act that is not right or fair: ______________
- Existing in large numbers: ______________
- A safe place for animals: ______________
- Something that breaks easily: ______________
Exercise 2: Prefix Power
Add the correct prefix (un-, dis-, mis-, non-) to the base word to complete the sentence.
- The answer was (correct), soshe tried again. Word: ______________
- It is (sense) to wear a heavy coat in summer. Word: ______________
- If you (behave), you might lose recess time. Word: ______________
- I (like) spinach because it tastes bitter. Word: ______________
- The story was (believable) because dragons aren’t real. Word: ______________
- Please (connect) the TV before you move it. Word: ______________
- He felt (sure) about which path to take. Word: ______________
- Do not (judge) him before you know the facts. Word: ______________
Exercise 3: Suffix Logic
Choose the correct suffix (-ful, -less, -ness, -ly) to complete the word.
- Without fear: fear_______
- Full of hope: hope_______
- In a sad way: sad_______
- The state of being kind: kind_______
- Without pain: pain_______
- Full of harm: harm_______
- In a loud manner: loud_______
- The state of being sick: sick_______
Exercise 4: Context Clues
Fill in the blank with the correct vocabulary word: muttered, gaped, insult, snickering, legendary, flinched, opportunity, essential.
- Jorge was angry because Tammy kept _______ when he made a mistake.
- Jackie Robinson was a _______ player known for his skill.
- Danisha _______ quietly to herself when she missed the ball.
- I _______ in surprise when I saw the huge score.
- Carla’s rude comment was an _______.
- He _______ when the ball flew right past his face.
- Water is _______for all living things.
- The scholarship gave her a great _______ to learn.
Exercise 5: R-Controlled Vowels (ar, or)
Complete thewords with ‘ar’ or ‘or’.
- The sh___k swam in the deep ocean.
- We sat on the p___ch to watch the rain.
- The st___m brought heavy winds.
- She used a sh___p pencil to draw.
- It is h___d to break a rock.
- The act___ performedon stage.
- He w___e a red hat yesterday.
- The f___mhas many cows and pigs.
Exercise 6: Digraph Sorting
Sort these words into thecorrect column based on their digraph: check, shell, think, whale, photo, catch, shine, graph.
Columns: CH/TCH, SH, TH, WH, PH
- (CH/TCH): __________________
- (CH/TCH): __________________
- (SH): __________________
- (SH): __________________
- (TH): __________________
- (WH): __________________
- (PH): __________________
- (PH): __________________
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