Flashcard - Unit 3

Unit 3: The Power of Words

Grammar Focus: Plurals and Soft Sounds

Plural Nouns: Most nouns form their plural by simply adding -s (e.g., weekdays). However, if a word ends in -s, -ss, -ch, -sh, -x, or -z, we add -es (e.g., dismiss becomes dismisses). For nouns ending in a consonant followed by y, change the y to i and add -es (e.g., specialty becomes specialties) [1-3].

Soft c and g: The letter c usually has a soft sound (/s/) when followed by e, i, or y (e.g., conceived, appreciated). Similarly, g has a soft sound (/j/) when followed by e, i, or y (e.g., genuine, apologize). When followed by other letters, they usually have a hard sound [4-6].

Silent Letters: Some words contain letters we do not pronounce. In the pattern kn (e.g., knoll), the k is silent. In the pattern wr (e.g., wrong), the w is silent [7-9].

Exercise 1: Vocabulary Definitions

Match the following vocabulary words with their correct definitions.

  1. Genuine      a. To ask for forgiveness.
  2. Apologize     b. Not likely to hurt anyone.
  3. Harmless      c. Real; sincere; not fake.
  4. Desperate     d. Tosend someone away; to allow to leave.
  5. Dismiss        e. Having a great need or desire; almost hopeless.
  6. Commotion    f. Extremely hungry.
  7. Famished      g. Noisy confusion or activity.
  8. Endured        h. Suffered through something difficult with patience.
Exercise 2: Forming Plurals

Write the plural form of each noun using the rules you learned (-s, -es, -ies).

  1. Specialty _____________
  2. Address _____________
  3. Weekday _____________
  4. Ambulance _____________
  5. Definition _____________
  6. Speech _____________
  7. Enemy _____________
  8. Match _____________
Exercise 3: Soft c and g Sorting

Read the words below. Write them in the correct column based on the sound ofthe bold letter.

apologize, cranky, appreciated, genuine, neglected, conceived, commotion, garden

Soft Sound (/s/ or /j/) Hard Sound (/k/ or /g/)
1. _____________ 5. _____________
2. _____________ 6. _____________
3. _____________ 7. _____________
4. _____________ 8. _____________
Exercise 4: Complete the Sentences

Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the box: slithered, obedience, motivate, appreciated, interact, misunderstood, neglected, cranky.

  1. The tired baby became very __________ and started to cry.
  2. The snake __________ quietly through the tall grass.
  3. The teacher tried to__________ the students to read more books.
  4. He __________the directions and went to the wrong room.
  5. We __________ the help our neighbors gave us after the storm.
  6. Training a dog requires patience and __________ from the pet.
  7. The old garden was __________ and full of weeds.
  8. It is important to __________ nicely with your classmates.
Exercise 5: Silent Letters

Circle the silent letter in each word below (kn or wr).

  1. Kneel
  2. Wreath
  3. Knowledge
  4. Wrist
  5. Knapsack
  6. Wreckage
  7. Knitting
  8. Wrinkle
Exercise 6: Finding Synonyms

Choose the word that means the same as the word in bold.

  1. Exasperated: a) Happy b) Annoyed c) Sleepy
  2. Conceived: a) Thought of b) Forgot c) Dropped
  3. Comply: a) Argue b) Obey c) Run
  4. Select: a) Choose b) Refuse c) Lose
  5. Imitate: a) Ignore b) Copy c) Invent
  6. Genuine: a) Fake b) Real c) Old
  7. Secure: a) Safe b) Lost c) Loose
  8. Motivate: a) Stop b) Encourage c) Sleep
Bài trướcBài sau