GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY for CAMBRIDGE ADVANCED AND PROFICIENCY

Exercise 1: Choose the best emphatic sentence.

1. ___ was John who broke the vase.

2. Only then ___ I understand the problem.

3. What I need ___ a holiday.

4. ___ I like most is coffee.

5. Never ___ such a beautiful view.

6. It was yesterday ___ we met.

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 1)

1. It — Câu chẻ dùng 'It was ... who ...' để nhấn mạnh.
2. did — Sau trạng từ phủ định, dùng đảo ngữ: 'Only then did I...'.
3. is — Cleft sentence: 'What I need is...'.
4. What — Dùng 'What ... is ...' để nhấn mạnh.
5. have I seen — 'Never' đầu câu cần đảo trợ động từ.
6. that — Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh thời gian thường dùng 'that'.

Exercise 2: Write the missing word.

1. It was Sarah ___ called me last night.

2. Rarely ___ we eat out during the week.

3. The decision to cancel the trip was announced. The noun form is ___.

4. The work was completed by the team. This is a ___ construction.

5. What I enjoy most ___ reading.

6. The manager himself checked the report. The reflexive pronoun is ___.

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 2)

1. who — Dùng 'who' cho người trong câu chẻ.
2. do — 'Rarely' đầu câu cần đảo ngữ với 'do'.
3. decision — Nominalisation của 'decide' là 'decision'.
4. passive — Câu dùng bị động để nhấn mạnh kết quả hoặc hành động.
5. is — Mẫu 'What ... is ...'.
6. himself — Đại từ phản thân dùng để nhấn mạnh.

Exercise 3: Choose the word or phrase that adds emphasis.

1. I am ___ sure this is correct.

absolutely slightly a bit quite

2. The teacher ___ explained the rule.

herself her she hers

3. ___ did I realize my mistake.

Only then Every day Tomorrow Sometimes

4. The concert was ___ amazing.

truly fairly rather quite

5. ___, I think we should leave now.

Frankly Yesterday Inside Quickly

6. It was the rain ___ caused the delay.

that who where what

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 3)

1. absolutely — 'Absolutely' tăng mức độ nhấn mạnh.
2. herself — Đại từ phản thân nhấn mạnh người thực hiện.
3. Only then — Cụm này tạo nhấn mạnh và đảo ngữ.
4. truly — 'Truly' là từ tăng cường mức độ.
5. Frankly — Sentence adverb thể hiện thái độ người nói.
6. that — Câu chẻ dùng 'that' để nhấn mạnh nguyên nhân.

Exercise 4: Look at the picture and choose the correct answer.

Exercise Context — A bright family kitchen in the morning. A mother is standing by a table and pointing at a large chocolate cake. The father himself is carrying the cake carefully. Two children are smiling and looking at the cake. A small brown dog is sitting under the table. There are red cups, a bowl of fruit, and a clock showing 8:00 on the wall. Sunlight comes through a window. Everyone looks excited because it is a birthday celebration.

1. Who is carrying the cake?

2. What is on the table?

3. Where is the dog?

4. What time does the clock show?

5. How do the children look?

6. What is the occasion?

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 4)

1. The father — Người cha đang mang bánh.
2. A large chocolate cake — Có một chiếc bánh sô-cô-la lớn.
3. Under the table — Con chó ở dưới bàn.
4. 8:00 — Đồng hồ chỉ 8 giờ.
5. Excited — Các em trông rất hào hứng.
6. A birthday celebration — Đó là tiệc sinh nhật.

Exercise 5: Choose the best linking or emphatic phrase.

1. ___, the service was excellent.

2. The book was long. ___, it was interesting.

3. I really, really like this song. This is an example of ___.

4. ___ I need is more time.

5. ___ the weather, we stayed home.

6. ___ surprised me was his answer.

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 5)

1. In fact — 'In fact' dùng để nhấn mạnh thông tin.
2. Nevertheless — Từ nối thể hiện tương phản.
3. repetition — Lặp lại từ để nhấn mạnh.
4. What — Cấu trúc cleft sentence với 'What'.
5. Because of — Cụm nối chỉ nguyên nhân.
6. What — Dùng 'What ... was ...' để nhấn mạnh.

Exercise 6: Choose the sentence with correct emphasis.

1. Which sentence uses fronting?

This book, I really enjoyed. I really enjoyed this book. I enjoy books. Books are useful.

2. Which sentence uses a passive for emphasis?

The prize was won by Mia. Mia won the prize. Mia wins prizes. Mia is winning.

3. Which sentence uses a cleft sentence?

It was Tom that sent the email. Tom sent the email. Tom is sending the email. Tom likes email.

4. Which sentence uses inversion?

Never have I felt so happy. I never have felt so happy. I felt happy. I am happy.

5. Which sentence uses a reflexive pronoun for emphasis?

The CEO himself spoke to us. The CEO spoke to us. The CEO is speaking. The CEO will speak.

6. Which sentence uses nominalisation?

The cancellation of the event upset everyone. They cancelled the event. They are cancelling the event. Cancel the event.

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 6)

1. This book, I really enjoyed. — Đưa tân ngữ lên đầu câu để nhấn mạnh.
2. The prize was won by Mia. — Bị động nhấn mạnh giải thưởng.
3. It was Tom that sent the email. — Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh Tom.
4. Never have I felt so happy. — Đảo ngữ sau 'Never'.
5. The CEO himself spoke to us. — 'Himself' dùng để nhấn mạnh.
6. The cancellation of the event upset everyone. — Danh từ hóa 'cancellation'.

Exercise 7: Write the missing word.

1. It was Anna ___ organized the meeting.

2. Seldom ___ they arrive late.

3. The refusal of the offer is a ___.

4. The report was written by the director. This sentence is in the ___ voice.

5. What we need most ___ better communication.

6. The singer ___ performed the song, not a recording.

🔑 Đáp án & Giải thích (Exercise 7)

1. who — Dùng 'who' để nhấn mạnh người.
2. do — Đảo ngữ sau 'Seldom'.
3. nominalisation — Dùng danh từ thay cho động từ để nhấn mạnh ý.
4. passive — Đó là câu bị động.
5. is — Mẫu 'What ... is ...'.
6. herself — Đại từ phản thân dùng để nhấn mạnh chính người hát.